A scale model is a copy of an object built to, or representing a particular size or unit ratio known as it's scale. A scale model can be larger or smaller than the object it represents. The model scale is represented by a numeric ratio. A scale model die cast car might have a size ratio of 1:18, where one unit on the scale model represents 18 units on the original.
A scale model can be used by all professions to illustrate concepts. Scale model explosions demonstrate force expected in a full size explosion. Scale model buildings show how the actual building will appear when built full size. A scale model insect allows us to see small details in a larger format. A scale model population reduces the numbers by a specified ratio in order to run manageable experimental sizes.
In some fields the size of the scale model is determined by the available viewing display space. This is most often true of larger items, warships or model office buildings.
As commonly used by miniaturists and modellers the most common model scales are:
- 1:6 - Playscale or fashion doll scale (1 inch=6 inches)
- 1:8 scale - RC models and slot cars
- 1:9 scale - traditional scale model horses
- 1:10 scale - RC modelling scale
- 1:12 scale - dollhouse scale, 1 inch = 12 inches or 1 foot
- 1:16 scale, older dollhouses
- 1:18 scale - die cast car models and some airplanes,
- 1:24 scale - half scale dollhouses, G scale or garden railroads (between 1:24 and 1:22)(li)1:32 Scale - Standard Toy Soldiers , Gauge 1 model trains
- 1:43 scale - die cast cars, some O scale railroads.
- 1:48 scale - quarter scale dollhouses, O scale model railroads (between 1:43 and 1:48 scale)
- 1:64 scale - S railroads, popular toy die cast cars
- 1:87 scale, HO (half O) railroads, scale model cars and trucks.
- Gaming Scales for Tabletop marine battles range from 1:600 to 1:6000.
- Common Architectural Scale Models range from 1:96 to 1:360
